Abydos Temple

Abydos (hieroglyphs: "Father - b - Djoa" and in English: Abydos) city in western Sohag Sohag has been one of the ancient cities of Upper Egypt combines most scientists as the capital of Egypt, the first at the end of the era before the families and the first four, dating back to 5 thousand years. Located between Assiut and Luxor near Qena. It was a holy city called Gauls tennis. Currently, so-called godmother buried B (Baliana) and away from the Nile 7 mi. And there are the Temple of Seti I and Ramses II temple and are distinguished by prominent ancient Egyptian inscriptions. This city was the main center for the worship of the god Osiris. The pilgrimage to the ancient Egyptians to weep god Osiris guard of eternal life and the God of the West. He discovered the oldest boat in the history in the ancient tombs to the west of the Temple of Seti I'm Ramses I, founder of the family Egyptian ninth century and famed for naming a lot of Ramses kings on the name of the founder of the family. The advantage of this village wagging effects, where he was the former name of her godmother they were all buried under the sand effects and age is not so long ago was re-discovery of a large part of them and there are still a lot under the research and study ..
Amazing when you are inside the temple takes you into the distant past where the old life and the greatness of grandparents stands contemplating the greatness and quickly takes the time quickly. "This was a group of Abydos to document the built heritage site of Abydos a dimming Aalthagafah the popular Allabdaa and the arts.

Pre-and age families first
Late effects due city Ibius to the recent era of civilization Nakada third dynastic Egyptian first four. Was found on those old population-related effects in the area of the Temple of Seti I, who later established and helped in finding quality ancient city of Abydos. It is not known whether the city is surrounded by a wall, that issue is still under discussion.
King Pripsn tomb of the second family in the "mother of punishment."
Researchers have found in the ancient cemetery or punishment, which is about 2 kilometers from the city and about 3 Kylocktrut of the edge of the desert, they found a large number of tombs of the rulers of that region before the era of Egyptian families, and you know those graves to the area experts Paljbana. And other graves discovered in its neighboring region, called the U-2 cemetery, including the tomb of one of the kings before age families.
Found in the area in 2000 oldest boats Msirh the old found, and was buried under the sand, dating to about 3000 BC. The number of those big boats so far 14 boat lengths range from 20 - 30 meters. A group of researchers from the University of Pennsylvania and Museum Pencavania and share with them a group of Yale University and the Institute of Fine Arts in New York to extract pieces of those boats and chemically treated for the purpose of conservation. The vessels date back to the second Egyptian family.
It is located "com Sultan" some kilometers east of Umm punishment. Was found in Kom Sultan on several sites for excavation and a colony of the old and the Temple makers Osiris - Khontamente. The due date of those effects to the era before the families.
Fil statue of King Khufu builder of the Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the Fourth Dynasty, was found in Abydos.
During ancient times, there were in graves dogs and jackals, where they were used as guards holy graves. He was the god Khontamente Mhbh dog or jackal and the meaning of his name, "the first Westerners, ie the first of the dead," was the god of the sacred in that region at that time (the West was for the ancient Egyptians is the place of the afterlife in which they live dead, and it was their perception that God Khntamente Istqubhm there. In later ages became Osiris who is doing so).
First Dynasty kings buried at Abydos and was buried near them also ministers and assistants who reach their numbers were about 200 people, and then, leaving shortages around the end of the reign of the first family.
The temple, which carries out the processing and bid farewell to the dead near agricultural land and was made of wood and wicker Muzaffar so that there are no traces of it now. Researchers have known the location of the temple from the ranks of the graves that were surrounded by, which was dedicated to the men of the royal court.
The ancient Egyptians began using mud-brick construction since the second family, including two buildings exist from this era are: "Sean raisins" and another building became part of one of the monasteries.
Remains importance Abydos Kjbana of the ancient kings of Egypt until King Jusr afternoon of the third family. And replaced most of the kings of Egypt after them and they chose for themselves in northern Egypt sites such as Saqqara, Giza, and Abu Sir g Dahshur, and it looks like the art ceremony was also constitute in Ibius. And continued large number of senior state chooses to be buried at Abydos until the reign of the Sixth Dynasty.

The old era of the two countries and Central
King Baby I established a cemetery at Abydos, then evolved and became a temple of Osiris effects still linger even now. During the first transitional period Abydos subsidiary was good for the rule of capital, but they were caught in disputes. The researchers believed that the king "Meri - Ka - Ra" is Pettmder the Tombs of the Kings at Abydos. Although it has retained Abydos during that period Bmenzltha the old Kjbana to the kings of Egypt. Funeral was held parallel ritual to bid farewell to the king even if it is buried in northern Egypt, and that was affiliated with the rituals of Osiris that Egyptians believed in, "he was buried at Abydos" to the Day of Resurrection. During that period, coupled with Osiris, god "Khontamente" guard the graves.
Even after the State Central Egyptians covet to be buried after their deaths at Abydos or have them there at least their name plate. It emerged from many of his senior state cult angle with QWERTY know with some statues and tables for offerings. For this, we find that most of the paintings that were found from Central State had been found at Abydos. It seems that the cult of Osiris in Abydos they are deployed, Valais attributed the writings on the plates graves.
Since the family 11 ancient temple was rebuilt in the center of the city of Abydos. The King Sizostris III built the tomb of Osiris in Southeast Abydos. The Valley Temple was on the edge of the desert and give him a ride paved road with a length of about 700 meters area cemeteries. The temple in the T-shaped on the edge of the desert, was built of brick with a length of about 160 meters and about 156 meters wide. And set up two tunnels in the northern part arrive to the cemetery located at a depth of 24 meters under the ground. The length of the corridors and chambers of the cemetery about 180 meters and it was closed with stones of granite and Alkuarzi. The coffin room was designed to be hidden so that some researchers believe that the third Sizostris not buried in the pyramid, but was buried at Abydos.
The third Sizostris also found the city "Ahsot" near the valley temple. But the city did not last long population has left behind by the modern state. That city was in the service of the temple and gained importance for some time in the south of the country.
Through the family 13 is King "Khandger" the establishment of a large statue of Osiris in the cemetery, "Ledger," and added tomb of Osiris.

The era of the modern state and Beyond
After the expulsion of the Hyksos built King Ahmose the cemetery and the pyramid of him and grandmother "Tiichera" and his wife Queen "Ahmose - Nefertari's" South Temple City III. And even the time of the reign of King Amenhotep III was dragged Cemetery considered Osiris Cemetery.
During the modern state and during the ninth century Egyptian family back important buildings in Abydos, Seti I and Ramses II, where they create two major temples "mortuary temple of Seti I," and "Temple of Ramses II at Abydos."
Still temple of Seti I in good condition: It consists of squares lead to the building of the temple facade with columns, and leads to the halls columns. Then followed a slightly elevated platform matrix consisting of seven rooms with the gods of Abydos They are: Osiris, Isis and Horus (their son) and Amon Ra devout - Harakhty the Ptah, and the rest of the rooms shall first King City. The religious rituals take place in the arena adjacent to the Temple of Osiris. Also found a list of the kings of Abydos in a building located in the southern part of the temple. There is the possibility of the king cemetery behind the temple in the form of "Tomb of Osiris" called also "Ozurion".
Featured Abydos retained its position as also during the late period. Where the graves were built great big personalities during the late epoch and even family and twenty-fifth, also buried where some members of the royal family Cushitic.

Abydos list of the kings of Egypt
Panel contains a list of the kings of Abydos 76 Name of the kings of Egypt. And devolve the names mentioned in the list to the royal title, known as "Nsot Betty" nesut byti, plus the symbol of life Ankh on one of the walls of the Temple of Seti I.