Today we talk about the second penalty
The city of Memphis
And the effects of the dead hostages ( the city of Memphis, the ancient ), near the temples of the above , the Temple of embalming , which was dedicated to the embalming bull Memphis sacred ' love ' (Apis ) before burial in Saraپyum Saqqara , and dating Temple era family twenty-sixth , and still has yet desks and embalming utensils . And to the south of the Temple of mummification found the tomb ( mausoleum ) of the High Priest of Memphis Prince ' Chnq ' son of the king ' Osorkon II' ( 877-838 BC). Of the family twenty-second , were also found as well as near the Temple of embalming the cemetery of modern Jump first and the State Central Kom Honorary see discoverer ' Abdel Tawab Alanh ' - Chief Inspector of the area at the time - it was included thirty cemetery best known Mcyprt ' Mbi, ' and priestess Hathor ' Mbi - Ankh ' , which includes museum area door and fictitious special them ahead of those graves and were ARCHIVES previously in one of Saqqara stores . Although the city remained throughout ancient Egyptian history, take a prominent place , but it has entered into certain periods in the circle of oblivion and hit the agricultural and urban sprawl and the futility of human .. One can not imagine that such an important city of this long history left in which only the ruins of some installations are scattered here and there . Perhaps some blows the foreign occupation of ancient Egypt had hit Memphis injuries directly, occupation of ' Aankhi ' ( 752-721 BC). ( One of the kings of the Kingdom ' plant ' in Sudan old and the founder of the family twenty-fifth in Egypt) and the control of the Assyrians of the city at the hands of ' Esarhaddon ' ( 680-669 BC . ) and his son ' Ashur , Nepal ' ( 668-627 ? BC . ) and then by the Babylonians ' Nebuchadnezzar II ' ( 605-562 BC . ) , led to the destruction and looting of the city. Then strike was harsh at the hands of the Persian king ' Cambyses ( II) ' ( 525-522 BC). Son ' Cyrus ' older brother, who according to sources, classical Greek and Romanian has ruined the city and killed priests Idol ' Ptah ' and killed a bull Memphis sacred ' love ' (Apis ) , contrary to the policy of his son ' first Dara ' ( 521-486 BC). Egyptians and tolerant religion. And I think some researchers that the city ' net stone ' ( Sais , center Basioun - Western Province ) - the capital ' Nate - erased ' ( fifth regions of Lower Egypt ) - was named ' panels HENNEBONT - Ag ' any ' Palace white wall ', which the name of the royal residence in Memphis, you may have to be transferred to ' net the stone ' kings of the twenty -sixth Dynasty where they took the last of their capital . The mistake in believing this, because the name of ' whale HENNEBONT - Ag ' ( white wall Palace ) is the name of the king's palace ' Uah - Eb - Ra ' ( La Presse ) ( 589-570 BC . ) - The kings of the Twenty -sixth Dynasty - located in the west side of Ezbet Al Jabri (Tel Aziz, com Toman , com Davbabi ) , which represents the northern boundary - east of the village of ' dead hostage ' , who used the royal palace and the seat of government and management since the reign of this king until the end of the period of Egyptian rule and the beginning of the Ptolemaic era ; terms of re- use this palace headquarters 'for Asturab ' ( governor ) Persian during the occupation Persian I and II of Egypt ( Dynasties twenty-seventh and thirty-first ), and the kings of dynastic national from the likes of ' grandfather - Hur ' ( goats ) ( Erie - Maat - n - Ra) ( 365-360 BC . m) ( thirtieth Dynasty ) and ' Khababasha ' (family first thirty) , also used the palace headquarters of the ruling also after the invasion of Alexander to Egypt and open it to the city of Memphis and entering the Temple of Ptah, the city, where he settled when the governor ' Ptolemy son of Lagos ' and re- used as the headquarters of the rule before the transfer of capital and the seat of his reign to Alexandria - Sealy as detailed later . He has visited ' Alexander the Great ' ( III ) , the son of Philip II ' the Great, Memphis when the invasion of Egypt ( 332-323 BC . ) , And try to succeed in the hearts of private Egyptians Aamaoukatunai the Memphis - Tayeb effect after what they have suffered from violent surgeon due to the occupation repeated . Following the trend to ' Memphis' , where he was fleet waiting in the port , and recognizes the city from the governor Persian ' Mazakis ' which has shown no resistance, made offerings to all gods Egyptian located in temples and pay tribute to Thorha sacred ' love ' (Apis ); where restored to life and held him by the sports competitions and artistic and musical celebration crowned in the Temple of Ptah - as is likely - to approach the ancient pharaohs . The mustahabb most of the kings of the Ptolemaic ( Kav ' Abefnss '; VIII ' Iorgtis II' ; X ' Alexander I '; XII ' Neos Dionysus ', ' Piper ', by High Priest of Memphis ' Ba - Shri - n - Petah ': Stela BM 886) coronation in its temples , and the name of the Lord Petah part of their names , and likewise did some Roman emperors . This was a continuation of the approach some of the kings of ancient Egypt to take names include the adjective associated with the name Idol ' Ptah ' ( Marie - < n > - Bth : ' lovable Petah '; Khaa - n - Bth : ' Mashreq such as Petah '; h - Bth : ' son made available ' ; Step - n - Bth : ' Mostafa / chosen Petah ' ) , from the likes of Kings: Seti I - Merneptah , and his grandson, Merneptah ' bright like Petah ... ' , and the City II - ' Merenptah ', and Rameses - Saptah , and Saptah - ' Merneptah ' . Also affiliated with Queen ' Izza - alienated ' wife, ' Rameses II' , the family ninth century to the city I knew as ' the daughter of the city of Memphis' , and also belonged to ' Ptolemy exiled ' of his birth where during the celebrations of the coronation of his father Ptolemy VIII ' Iorgtis II' (170 - 163 BC . , 145-116 BC . ) , as was the home of the birth of King Amenhotep II ' (son of Thutmose III ' ) and the residence and place of the death of his son, King Thutmose IV ' in the middle of the Eighteenth Dynasty . When settled Ptolemies in Egypt after the opening of Alexander her, and after his death, has become one of the share leader ' Ptolemy son of Lagos ', who settled first in Memphis in about November 7, 305 BC. AD before becoming king as ' Ptolemy ( I) Soter ', this is because Memphis has maintained the importance of controlling as a religious center and administratively in the eyes of both Egyptian and foreign , which is currently under Ptolemy residence where tradition prevailing at that time, and was also undoubtedly respond to the grounds of a military character : It was Memphis Situated at the head of the Delta crossroads of transportation , and the characterized by a strategic location fit to repel the invasion of it comes from Syria . Ptolemy retained in Memphis at the headquarters of his public for almost ten years. Including the ' Ptolemy I ' ( Soter ) directing the path of the procession , which was Connects the remains of ' Alexander ' from Babylon (Iraq) to Macedonia ( Greece); where it is said that he had buried in Memphis, settled his remains ( mummy Alexander ) where for a year or more pending for the preparation of his tomb in Alexandria before it transferred to his grave - is not defined yet where is located - in the reign of Ptolemy II to the latter .Ptolemy IV ' . The papyrus is actually a collection of prophecies are accompanied by no less interpretations
Mysterious, including one of the country 's liberation and salvation at the hands of one of the Egyptians and the expulsion of foreigners and Greeks them . The most important thing distinguishes it - in this instance - what came out about the importance of the city of Memphis , compared to the ' City of Strangers ' (Alexandria ) where: ' .... Deities will return to Memphis , and will become the city next to the sea (Alexandria) dry place where fishermen dried their nets , because the gods will Tagadha to Memphis ..An important event associated with the name of the city and took place on its soil meeting the priests March 26, 196 BC . AD to record their thanks to King Ptolemy V ' Abefnss ' ( 205-180 BC). Recognition of lavished on them and their temples have registered their decision hieroglyphs and demotic and ancient Greek, which dozens of copies of the blocks , and willing, good luck to the French campaign stumbled on a copy in 1799 down Rasheed Castle , that copy that unzip the symbols began Egyptology , settles the mystery of the ancient Egyptian civilization . Although this is Heinz-Josef Thissen see - following the clues and evidence put forward by Ludwig Koenen - in the history (17 Amshir = 26 March) , quoting the text Aldemutaiqi to Rosetta Stone, and not in the interview hieroglyph (17 Baafa ) to the same effect , see it - unlike the usual - a history of the coronation of ' Ptolemy ( V ) Abefnss the ' king by the high priest in the temple of Memphis . The students began the Greeks, in his reign, in mixing the role of the Egyptian flag attached to major temples in the city of Memphis. Despite the silence of the sources or references - in most cases - the reality of Memphis and the conditions of the city in ancient Ptolemaic and Romania with some clarity , but it is through archaeological discoveries found on some of the effects which dates back to the Ptolemaic era, and other additives back to the Roman era , which is revealed by the architectural styles capital and capitals of some columns that were found on site, and guaranteed by the Museum of dead hostage , which tells us that the city was full of temples , palaces and great buildings , until the end of the Roman era in the last decades of the third century AD and the first decades of the fourth century AD .
The greatness of ancient Memphis and language between the cities of ancient Egypt is evidenced by the successive generations. Has lived through the ages in the nation 's memory . We need , for example , it attaches ancient Egyptians Vkarzoa the poetry and prose in natural beauty and charms , and the midst of Egyptian and foreign gods , and what was going on different neighborhoods and population Mtnoaa nationalities of overwhelming joy during the holidays of all kinds . It is very Egyptians love it - for example, but not limited to - what make many of them , in different eras (since the old state and even later times ), called one of the famous names on their children , whether they are male or female . Since the old state , there is a name included the name of ' - a group ' , which is the name of the Eternal City months ' Memphis' , from which derived its name variations in most ancient languages , Greek and his image moved into modern languages . Since the era of the Sixth Dynasty , and from there men called ' Ankh Baby M from - Navarre ' any ' Yahya ( King) "B" in " - a group " ( Memphis) ', or in its shortcut to the ' me " from - Navarre " (pyramid , hard and beautiful ) ' . And carried the woman from the Middle Name ' - a group ' solo, while some women carried in the two Central and modern name 'ta - grew from - Navarre ' translated ' ( those ) of " - a group " (Memphis )'. Also entered this name in the female names in the modern state , as happened with the wife called ' pw " of - a group "' contained on the panel of the limestone in the Egyptian Museum from the era of ' Akhenaten ' (family 18), and this name might be compared - from the era the modern state as well - as Ms. ' star " of - a group "' and its meaning ( sweetness / sweetness Memphis) or ( breeze Memphis fresh ) , as we know from the ladies of the modern state of bore the name of ' freedom . T. - Ibb from - Navarre ' no 'that at the heart " of - a group " ' ( static Memphis ) . And also carried the women at the time the name ' from - Navarre ' ( Memphis) in their names , as well as carry some males in the age of the modern state , and we know some of them called ' Bay - n - "Who - turnoff "' no '( that ) which is / belonging to Memphis ' , as well as some of them known as or' passed - of - turnoff ' any' lover " of - a group " ( the city of Memphis) ', and also bore the name ' Ra - [m] - "Who - turnoff " ' and translate ' ( idol ) Ra [ at ] " - a group " ( Memphis) ' , as well as of a lamb name ' Khaa - m - of - turnoff ' no ' in the Orient " - a group " (Memphis ) '. As at the time of the eighteenth dynasty Specifically, there are male called ' Greg " of - a group "' , and the word ' Greg ' means the establishment or establishment in general and the sense to establish and create a city or region in particular , so the meaning of the name is: ' founder ( city / county ) " - a group " (Memphis )'. While a campaign of males in the age of Twenty-sixth Dynasty called ' Uah - Ibb - Ra [m] from - Navarre ' no '( King ) " Uah - Ibb - Ra" ( La Presse) [in] from - Navarre (Memphis )', The campaign of males late Period of known as or ' Presentation (f) - Love - (t) - of - a group ' and the meaning of his name '( that ) who attends ( lead bull of Memphis Bible) love (Apis ) to " from - Navarre " (Memphis ) ' , and women the Late Period of called ' ta - DVD ( . T. ) - Ba - (n) - "Who - turnoff " ' and translate ' (those that are) gift " of - a group " ( Memphis) ' and probably The point here is that this lady is a gift , a gift from god Ptah, the Lord of Memphis. It is noted that the entry of the name ' of - a group ' under the names of individuals , was associated with males only in the old state , then defeated him during the Middle Kingdom being more closely related females than males (if not exclusively for them only) , but in the modern state was equal to almost both men and women to carry the name of the city , while males predominantly in private during the era of the twenty -sixth Dynasty and the late period in general. Furthermore it, characterized the era of the twenty - sixth family including older named after Memphis - a ' tweaked - Ag ' and its meaning ( white wall ) or ( fort Ablaq ) . There was a male who knew as ' Ncao of - of - m - tweaked - Ag ' no ' ( King ) " Ncao " , it remains to be tweaked - Ag ( white wall )'. While he was there to carry the name of the city this both in its full or image shortcut ' tweaked ' Any ( wall) and them know : ' Aah - mass of m tweaked - Ag ' any ' Ahmose immortal / fixed tweaked - Ag ( white wall )' the image was condensed or ' Aah - the mass (m ) tweaked ' any ' Ahmose immortal ( at ) tweaked ( the wall) .' As well as there are called only image shortcut name of the city ' tweaked ', and we know them ' turnoff - Ibb - Ra from (m) tweaked ' no '( King ) " turnoff - Ibb - Ra ," immortal (at) tweaked ( the wall) .' As in the male names in the Late Period , we have called ' number - m ( ? ) - ....' And who could not ' Ranke ' Do not read it fully , or translated , but we note the well at the end the word
INBO ' no ' walls ' , a condensed version ( in the case of combination ) to the name of the ancient Memphis . While names Alainat in the Late Period , what we came Saqqara ( cowardly Greater Memphis) , defines whom Ms. or ' Thau - n - tweaked - Ag ' and that may be the meaning of her name ' white wall breeze '. It is noted , that this is the oldest name of Memphis has entered the general in combination names of men than in female names during the time of the Twenty -sixth Dynasty , with a few cases , for his appearance in the names of some of the women during the Late Period . The use of the name came earlier tailored with the trends of that era (return to Old ) . The ' Ankh - Tawi- ' , western neighborhood of the city of Memphis and who was later named the city as a whole, and its meaning ( life Alordin ) reference to the role of Memphis in the Egyptian D all the country and her life yields to contain the dual Barn . Taking the name of this neighborhood falls within the composition of the names of males in the Late Period, recorded a one plates bull Memphis sacred ' love ' (Apis ) Museum Louvre (Paris) name called ' over - Bth - Seth . T. - Spring ) - Ankh - ta . Wei ' any ' ( idol ) Petah loves ( goddess ) Satet the housewife " Ankh - Tawi " 's , but a researcher " in the name of Samir Cherkaoui " I do not believe that goddess ' Satet a ' - which is a member of the first triad Jandal first regions of Upper Egypt - has worshiped in Memphis and in one of the temples or shrines neighborhood ' Ankh - Tawi ' western , but varies with the translation ' Ranke ' consistent with ' Jean Verkoter ' - translated the painting of the previous thirty-seventh of the reign of ' Chnq V' a Dynasty twenty-second - in two things: the first is that the goddess is ' Hesmtaat , Rob Ankh - Tawi ' which was worshiped in Memphis since the Archaic period and continued Khenutea the city since the beginning of the Fourth Dynasty and even family twenty-sixth at the very least , where worshiped at the time in one of the temples or shrines in the West Side , and secondly that the part The first of the name ' Ranke ' which ' passed - Petah ' is the entire name has been classed ' Verkoter ' to ' over [ n ] - Ptah ' and was a priest of the goddess and the son of a priest ' Ness Wen - Navarre ' . The title of High Priest of Memphis and Lord greatest Ptah (the ' War - ruined - Hamou ( . ) And V' and translate ' great heads of artisans ') used as the name for males during the era of the modern state ( families eighteenth and nineteenth ) , and this is to use the oldest among other cases where senior titles used the priests of ancient Egypt as names of individuals (male) .
Unlike what was narrated from ' Memphis' in the sources of ancient Egyptian - and most recently reported during the Ptolemaic era in Markhana Egyptian priest ' Maniton ' Asamnod , the greatness of Memphis, the ancient ( the village of Mit hostage and the neighbor cities thereof ) and reached down and the elevation between the cities of Egypt and the ancient world are reflected in it did not disturb any of the sources of antiquity or Central or modern mentioned, both for its location and geography, size, or history , or its effects and its important tourist attractions , or the old dogmas and their masters , or even visited in the ancient time or speech . The frequency of his name is derived from the name of its famous temple ( whale - ka - Ptah ) a copy of the Koran cuneiform ( Ku Petah neighborhood ) in the old Iraqi sources . As reflected in many of the books of the prophets in the Old Testament , we find the ' Hosea ' and ' Isaiah ' and ' Jeremiah ' and ' Ezekiel ' - respectively - in the centuries from the eighth to the sixth BC, and perhaps the other writers in the Old Testament different ! As penalize mentioned book classics such as " father of history " Greek ' Herodotus Ahalikarnassowsa ', and of ' Diodore Sicilian ', and geographical Greek ' Strabo Albonta ', and of the Greek -born Roman citizenship ' Plutarch Alkhaeroni ' and Roman ' Pliny the Elder ', and of ' Eliane ' The Greek writer Lucian ' - and perhaps mentioned them all creative Mlhmte ' Iliad and the Odyssey ' poet ' Homer ' ( !) . As well as punish Male Memphis the Muslims and book news sources medieval heritage and modern , Vtaatbawa the news and its own since the second century and until the beginning of the fourth century AD ( centuries from the eighth to the nineteenth centuries ) , some brief , while others dwell . And not, as seems to some that these traditional sources can not be is a reference to archaeological information , but is really precious fill Balgt and side - to - side , which must be observed and thinking about it and taking interconnected . It is the era of the governors in Egypt ( the rulers of the Islamic caliphate ) , we have of ' Ibn Abd al - Qurashi rule ' ( d. 257 AH ) . It is the era of Independent States : we have of ' Jacobin ' (d. 280 or 284 e) and geographical ' Ibn al-Faqih Alhmamana ' (d. 290 AH ), both from the era of Tulunid state , and we have from the era of state Ikhshid Faqih of 'Son of Zolaq ' (d. 387 AH ) which also witnessed the Fatimid rule of Egypt , and the same from the Fatimid era of our judge and Shafi'i jurist ' Alqdai ' ( d. 454 AH ) . While Ayyubid : geographical ' Sapphire Hamwi ' (d. 626 AH), and of ' Abd al- Latif al-Baghdadi ' (d. 629 AH), the last of whom was of - geographical ' Caspian ' (d. 682 AH ), which witnessed also ruling Mamluk Egypt. But during the Mamluk era itself , we have: writer and historian ' Qalqashandi ' (d. 821 AH), and Morkhana Egyptian ' Maqrizi ' (d. 845 AH), and 'Son of the afternoon ' (d. 885 or 891 e) and, finally, a historian and researchers Egyptian 'Son of menopause ' ( d. 930 ), which was veteran Vasr the Ottoman rule of Egypt. In the Ottoman era , there are : ' Prince Ahmed Damrdashi the Katakhda Azban ' ( d. 1169 AH ? Or beyond) . The veterans who lived through the end of Ottoman rule in Egypt and Event of the French campaign and ascension of Muhammad Ali Pasha great power which (1805-1848 ) and founding of the modern state in Egypt , we find Markhana ' Abd al-Rahman Jabarti ' (d. 1240 AH ), which in the context of this talk about the city Memphis ( village one hundred hostages ) and greatness honor of the glorious past to the present and future Meshreky . This is unlike the 'Son of Khrdazbh ' (d. 260 AH), ' Abd al-Rahman al-Qaisi ', ' Abu Salt illiteracy Andalusian ', ' I'm Anbari ', 'Son die ' (d. 606 AH), and ' Ibrahim bin and summer Shah ', and others I have not had the opportunity to reminded them both to the simplicity of their contributions , or for the loss of their compositions that male whale whale Memphis and its ruins . But during the rule of family of Muhammad Ali of Egypt, and specifically in the period Kdioip - Bowl, we find respectively : ' Jamal al-Afghani ' (d. 1314 / 1897 ), which impressed the greatness of that city and confirmed it in his writings , then ' Ali Pasha Mubarak ' ( T. 1311 AH / 1893 AD ), and last but not least ' Ahmed Pasha Kamal ' (d. 1341 AH / 1923 AD ) Abu Egyptian archaeologists .
Throughout the period from the Middle Ages to modern times and contemporary, interested foreign also Bmnf and visited. We find from the Middle Ages ' William Suri ' and ' Benjamin of Tudela ' and ' Gus Van Gustl ' . The European Renaissance and its aftermath , there was just a tourist and visiting her or was researchers or Mnaqba . We have , respectively, in the centuries from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries : ' Francois of Buffy ' who tried to identify the site and its conformity with what is mentioned in historical sources and classic , and ' Andrejh typhoid ' world geography, French , and ' John Gervz ' world of mathematics and astronomy British and ' staple ' traveler and collector British archaeologist , and ' Formon ' researcher and traveler and translator French monarchy , and ' Safari ' French traveler and orientalist . Work has culminated in the scientific mission accompanying the French campaign on Egypt ( led by scientists ' Jomar ' and the ' Revue ' and ' Depot ' ) attempts and enriched with maps , photos and information. In the first half of the nineteenth century , holds Memphis on visits and recordings : Italian ' Kavigelea ' and with ' Stone ', the Italian ' Rozlena ', the French ' Champollion ', and others who succeeded us of papers and notes that provided us with many information on the effects of lost due to and exhaust time factors , such as the British ' Wilkinson ' and ' Burton ' , and also ' Emily ' and ' Horiu ' . It was their coming all usher in a new era for Memphis and sent from the Dormition her death after a long abandoned , the era of scientific interest views of the ancient city and recorded a record scientifically documented , فقدمه in the middle of the nineteenth century , respectively : Austrian - German 'to Lepsius ' with members of his mission, scientific documentaries Prussian , then ' Bonomi ', also worked out at the time of U.S. origin Turkish -born ' Gakian ' in favor of the Egyptian government , as submitted by the well and registered their spouses Germans ' Johan ' and ' Alice Leader ' (especially his wife ), and the Austrian - German ' Broujh '. Was their recordings and observations of scientific reason in that city becomes the focus of attention of prospectors , whether in anticipation of antiquities and treasures and fame or a request for information , making Memphis ( the village of Mit hostage and the neighbor cities thereof ) sites excavated archaeological since the second half of the nineteenth century to the present day ; as it is currently working mission Russian (2001 - January 2007 ) located ' Ezbet Gabri ' in the north of the village of Mit hostage , while running the mission location English ' Tepe army ' in ' com Sbkha ' southern village. The city came a little compared to other other archaeological sites in Egypt , but that little is of paramount importance , both in the writing of ancient Egyptian history in general or special history of the city . Stood on Hvaúrha geological ' Horner ', and antiquarians : French ' Marit ', and the British ' Nicholson ' and ' Stephens ' and ' Bajnold ', and the French ' Maspreu ', and Egyptian Algerian origin ' Daninos Pasha ' and the French ' Darcy ' and Britons ' Kioabl ' and ' Edgar ' . But scientific excavation of the organization and the most effective location of the ancient city of Memphis came at the hands of the British ' Petrie ' . And later at the hands of several missions belonging to universities and scientific institutes alternated work and Hvaúrha Active Khvaúr missions of the University of Pennsylvania and the Egyptian Antiquities Authority and the University of Cairo and the French mission , and that was under the chairmanship and membership of scientists from the likes of : the U.S. ' Hal ' and ' Fisher ', the Egyptians ' Hamada 'and' Prince 'and' nomadic 'and' Ethiopian ', the French ' to Aclan ', the German ' Lantz ' and American ' John Demic ', and the Egyptians ' Bakri ' and ' Gap God ', and the Association of exploring Egypt , headed by the membership of the ' Jefferies ' and' Smith 'and ' owner ' and ' Jedi ' . The result of each survey , registration and exploration that has positioned the city of Memphis, the ancient , that provided us with excavations you a huge amount of fixed effects and movable , trading the latter of which ( the effects of Memphis transmitted ) until teem by Egyptian museums and global , both what is displayed or saved in warehouses
The city of Memphis
And the effects of the dead hostages ( the city of Memphis, the ancient ), near the temples of the above , the Temple of embalming , which was dedicated to the embalming bull Memphis sacred ' love ' (Apis ) before burial in Saraپyum Saqqara , and dating Temple era family twenty-sixth , and still has yet desks and embalming utensils . And to the south of the Temple of mummification found the tomb ( mausoleum ) of the High Priest of Memphis Prince ' Chnq ' son of the king ' Osorkon II' ( 877-838 BC). Of the family twenty-second , were also found as well as near the Temple of embalming the cemetery of modern Jump first and the State Central Kom Honorary see discoverer ' Abdel Tawab Alanh ' - Chief Inspector of the area at the time - it was included thirty cemetery best known Mcyprt ' Mbi, ' and priestess Hathor ' Mbi - Ankh ' , which includes museum area door and fictitious special them ahead of those graves and were ARCHIVES previously in one of Saqqara stores . Although the city remained throughout ancient Egyptian history, take a prominent place , but it has entered into certain periods in the circle of oblivion and hit the agricultural and urban sprawl and the futility of human .. One can not imagine that such an important city of this long history left in which only the ruins of some installations are scattered here and there . Perhaps some blows the foreign occupation of ancient Egypt had hit Memphis injuries directly, occupation of ' Aankhi ' ( 752-721 BC). ( One of the kings of the Kingdom ' plant ' in Sudan old and the founder of the family twenty-fifth in Egypt) and the control of the Assyrians of the city at the hands of ' Esarhaddon ' ( 680-669 BC . ) and his son ' Ashur , Nepal ' ( 668-627 ? BC . ) and then by the Babylonians ' Nebuchadnezzar II ' ( 605-562 BC . ) , led to the destruction and looting of the city. Then strike was harsh at the hands of the Persian king ' Cambyses ( II) ' ( 525-522 BC). Son ' Cyrus ' older brother, who according to sources, classical Greek and Romanian has ruined the city and killed priests Idol ' Ptah ' and killed a bull Memphis sacred ' love ' (Apis ) , contrary to the policy of his son ' first Dara ' ( 521-486 BC). Egyptians and tolerant religion. And I think some researchers that the city ' net stone ' ( Sais , center Basioun - Western Province ) - the capital ' Nate - erased ' ( fifth regions of Lower Egypt ) - was named ' panels HENNEBONT - Ag ' any ' Palace white wall ', which the name of the royal residence in Memphis, you may have to be transferred to ' net the stone ' kings of the twenty -sixth Dynasty where they took the last of their capital . The mistake in believing this, because the name of ' whale HENNEBONT - Ag ' ( white wall Palace ) is the name of the king's palace ' Uah - Eb - Ra ' ( La Presse ) ( 589-570 BC . ) - The kings of the Twenty -sixth Dynasty - located in the west side of Ezbet Al Jabri (Tel Aziz, com Toman , com Davbabi ) , which represents the northern boundary - east of the village of ' dead hostage ' , who used the royal palace and the seat of government and management since the reign of this king until the end of the period of Egyptian rule and the beginning of the Ptolemaic era ; terms of re- use this palace headquarters 'for Asturab ' ( governor ) Persian during the occupation Persian I and II of Egypt ( Dynasties twenty-seventh and thirty-first ), and the kings of dynastic national from the likes of ' grandfather - Hur ' ( goats ) ( Erie - Maat - n - Ra) ( 365-360 BC . m) ( thirtieth Dynasty ) and ' Khababasha ' (family first thirty) , also used the palace headquarters of the ruling also after the invasion of Alexander to Egypt and open it to the city of Memphis and entering the Temple of Ptah, the city, where he settled when the governor ' Ptolemy son of Lagos ' and re- used as the headquarters of the rule before the transfer of capital and the seat of his reign to Alexandria - Sealy as detailed later . He has visited ' Alexander the Great ' ( III ) , the son of Philip II ' the Great, Memphis when the invasion of Egypt ( 332-323 BC . ) , And try to succeed in the hearts of private Egyptians Aamaoukatunai the Memphis - Tayeb effect after what they have suffered from violent surgeon due to the occupation repeated . Following the trend to ' Memphis' , where he was fleet waiting in the port , and recognizes the city from the governor Persian ' Mazakis ' which has shown no resistance, made offerings to all gods Egyptian located in temples and pay tribute to Thorha sacred ' love ' (Apis ); where restored to life and held him by the sports competitions and artistic and musical celebration crowned in the Temple of Ptah - as is likely - to approach the ancient pharaohs . The mustahabb most of the kings of the Ptolemaic ( Kav ' Abefnss '; VIII ' Iorgtis II' ; X ' Alexander I '; XII ' Neos Dionysus ', ' Piper ', by High Priest of Memphis ' Ba - Shri - n - Petah ': Stela BM 886) coronation in its temples , and the name of the Lord Petah part of their names , and likewise did some Roman emperors . This was a continuation of the approach some of the kings of ancient Egypt to take names include the adjective associated with the name Idol ' Ptah ' ( Marie - < n > - Bth : ' lovable Petah '; Khaa - n - Bth : ' Mashreq such as Petah '; h - Bth : ' son made available ' ; Step - n - Bth : ' Mostafa / chosen Petah ' ) , from the likes of Kings: Seti I - Merneptah , and his grandson, Merneptah ' bright like Petah ... ' , and the City II - ' Merenptah ', and Rameses - Saptah , and Saptah - ' Merneptah ' . Also affiliated with Queen ' Izza - alienated ' wife, ' Rameses II' , the family ninth century to the city I knew as ' the daughter of the city of Memphis' , and also belonged to ' Ptolemy exiled ' of his birth where during the celebrations of the coronation of his father Ptolemy VIII ' Iorgtis II' (170 - 163 BC . , 145-116 BC . ) , as was the home of the birth of King Amenhotep II ' (son of Thutmose III ' ) and the residence and place of the death of his son, King Thutmose IV ' in the middle of the Eighteenth Dynasty . When settled Ptolemies in Egypt after the opening of Alexander her, and after his death, has become one of the share leader ' Ptolemy son of Lagos ', who settled first in Memphis in about November 7, 305 BC. AD before becoming king as ' Ptolemy ( I) Soter ', this is because Memphis has maintained the importance of controlling as a religious center and administratively in the eyes of both Egyptian and foreign , which is currently under Ptolemy residence where tradition prevailing at that time, and was also undoubtedly respond to the grounds of a military character : It was Memphis Situated at the head of the Delta crossroads of transportation , and the characterized by a strategic location fit to repel the invasion of it comes from Syria . Ptolemy retained in Memphis at the headquarters of his public for almost ten years. Including the ' Ptolemy I ' ( Soter ) directing the path of the procession , which was Connects the remains of ' Alexander ' from Babylon (Iraq) to Macedonia ( Greece); where it is said that he had buried in Memphis, settled his remains ( mummy Alexander ) where for a year or more pending for the preparation of his tomb in Alexandria before it transferred to his grave - is not defined yet where is located - in the reign of Ptolemy II to the latter .Ptolemy IV ' . The papyrus is actually a collection of prophecies are accompanied by no less interpretations
Mysterious, including one of the country 's liberation and salvation at the hands of one of the Egyptians and the expulsion of foreigners and Greeks them . The most important thing distinguishes it - in this instance - what came out about the importance of the city of Memphis , compared to the ' City of Strangers ' (Alexandria ) where: ' .... Deities will return to Memphis , and will become the city next to the sea (Alexandria) dry place where fishermen dried their nets , because the gods will Tagadha to Memphis ..An important event associated with the name of the city and took place on its soil meeting the priests March 26, 196 BC . AD to record their thanks to King Ptolemy V ' Abefnss ' ( 205-180 BC). Recognition of lavished on them and their temples have registered their decision hieroglyphs and demotic and ancient Greek, which dozens of copies of the blocks , and willing, good luck to the French campaign stumbled on a copy in 1799 down Rasheed Castle , that copy that unzip the symbols began Egyptology , settles the mystery of the ancient Egyptian civilization . Although this is Heinz-Josef Thissen see - following the clues and evidence put forward by Ludwig Koenen - in the history (17 Amshir = 26 March) , quoting the text Aldemutaiqi to Rosetta Stone, and not in the interview hieroglyph (17 Baafa ) to the same effect , see it - unlike the usual - a history of the coronation of ' Ptolemy ( V ) Abefnss the ' king by the high priest in the temple of Memphis . The students began the Greeks, in his reign, in mixing the role of the Egyptian flag attached to major temples in the city of Memphis. Despite the silence of the sources or references - in most cases - the reality of Memphis and the conditions of the city in ancient Ptolemaic and Romania with some clarity , but it is through archaeological discoveries found on some of the effects which dates back to the Ptolemaic era, and other additives back to the Roman era , which is revealed by the architectural styles capital and capitals of some columns that were found on site, and guaranteed by the Museum of dead hostage , which tells us that the city was full of temples , palaces and great buildings , until the end of the Roman era in the last decades of the third century AD and the first decades of the fourth century AD .
The greatness of ancient Memphis and language between the cities of ancient Egypt is evidenced by the successive generations. Has lived through the ages in the nation 's memory . We need , for example , it attaches ancient Egyptians Vkarzoa the poetry and prose in natural beauty and charms , and the midst of Egyptian and foreign gods , and what was going on different neighborhoods and population Mtnoaa nationalities of overwhelming joy during the holidays of all kinds . It is very Egyptians love it - for example, but not limited to - what make many of them , in different eras (since the old state and even later times ), called one of the famous names on their children , whether they are male or female . Since the old state , there is a name included the name of ' - a group ' , which is the name of the Eternal City months ' Memphis' , from which derived its name variations in most ancient languages , Greek and his image moved into modern languages . Since the era of the Sixth Dynasty , and from there men called ' Ankh Baby M from - Navarre ' any ' Yahya ( King) "B" in " - a group " ( Memphis) ', or in its shortcut to the ' me " from - Navarre " (pyramid , hard and beautiful ) ' . And carried the woman from the Middle Name ' - a group ' solo, while some women carried in the two Central and modern name 'ta - grew from - Navarre ' translated ' ( those ) of " - a group " (Memphis )'. Also entered this name in the female names in the modern state , as happened with the wife called ' pw " of - a group "' contained on the panel of the limestone in the Egyptian Museum from the era of ' Akhenaten ' (family 18), and this name might be compared - from the era the modern state as well - as Ms. ' star " of - a group "' and its meaning ( sweetness / sweetness Memphis) or ( breeze Memphis fresh ) , as we know from the ladies of the modern state of bore the name of ' freedom . T. - Ibb from - Navarre ' no 'that at the heart " of - a group " ' ( static Memphis ) . And also carried the women at the time the name ' from - Navarre ' ( Memphis) in their names , as well as carry some males in the age of the modern state , and we know some of them called ' Bay - n - "Who - turnoff "' no '( that ) which is / belonging to Memphis ' , as well as some of them known as or' passed - of - turnoff ' any' lover " of - a group " ( the city of Memphis) ', and also bore the name ' Ra - [m] - "Who - turnoff " ' and translate ' ( idol ) Ra [ at ] " - a group " ( Memphis) ' , as well as of a lamb name ' Khaa - m - of - turnoff ' no ' in the Orient " - a group " (Memphis ) '. As at the time of the eighteenth dynasty Specifically, there are male called ' Greg " of - a group "' , and the word ' Greg ' means the establishment or establishment in general and the sense to establish and create a city or region in particular , so the meaning of the name is: ' founder ( city / county ) " - a group " (Memphis )'. While a campaign of males in the age of Twenty-sixth Dynasty called ' Uah - Ibb - Ra [m] from - Navarre ' no '( King ) " Uah - Ibb - Ra" ( La Presse) [in] from - Navarre (Memphis )', The campaign of males late Period of known as or ' Presentation (f) - Love - (t) - of - a group ' and the meaning of his name '( that ) who attends ( lead bull of Memphis Bible) love (Apis ) to " from - Navarre " (Memphis ) ' , and women the Late Period of called ' ta - DVD ( . T. ) - Ba - (n) - "Who - turnoff " ' and translate ' (those that are) gift " of - a group " ( Memphis) ' and probably The point here is that this lady is a gift , a gift from god Ptah, the Lord of Memphis. It is noted that the entry of the name ' of - a group ' under the names of individuals , was associated with males only in the old state , then defeated him during the Middle Kingdom being more closely related females than males (if not exclusively for them only) , but in the modern state was equal to almost both men and women to carry the name of the city , while males predominantly in private during the era of the twenty -sixth Dynasty and the late period in general. Furthermore it, characterized the era of the twenty - sixth family including older named after Memphis - a ' tweaked - Ag ' and its meaning ( white wall ) or ( fort Ablaq ) . There was a male who knew as ' Ncao of - of - m - tweaked - Ag ' no ' ( King ) " Ncao " , it remains to be tweaked - Ag ( white wall )'. While he was there to carry the name of the city this both in its full or image shortcut ' tweaked ' Any ( wall) and them know : ' Aah - mass of m tweaked - Ag ' any ' Ahmose immortal / fixed tweaked - Ag ( white wall )' the image was condensed or ' Aah - the mass (m ) tweaked ' any ' Ahmose immortal ( at ) tweaked ( the wall) .' As well as there are called only image shortcut name of the city ' tweaked ', and we know them ' turnoff - Ibb - Ra from (m) tweaked ' no '( King ) " turnoff - Ibb - Ra ," immortal (at) tweaked ( the wall) .' As in the male names in the Late Period , we have called ' number - m ( ? ) - ....' And who could not ' Ranke ' Do not read it fully , or translated , but we note the well at the end the word
INBO ' no ' walls ' , a condensed version ( in the case of combination ) to the name of the ancient Memphis . While names Alainat in the Late Period , what we came Saqqara ( cowardly Greater Memphis) , defines whom Ms. or ' Thau - n - tweaked - Ag ' and that may be the meaning of her name ' white wall breeze '. It is noted , that this is the oldest name of Memphis has entered the general in combination names of men than in female names during the time of the Twenty -sixth Dynasty , with a few cases , for his appearance in the names of some of the women during the Late Period . The use of the name came earlier tailored with the trends of that era (return to Old ) . The ' Ankh - Tawi- ' , western neighborhood of the city of Memphis and who was later named the city as a whole, and its meaning ( life Alordin ) reference to the role of Memphis in the Egyptian D all the country and her life yields to contain the dual Barn . Taking the name of this neighborhood falls within the composition of the names of males in the Late Period, recorded a one plates bull Memphis sacred ' love ' (Apis ) Museum Louvre (Paris) name called ' over - Bth - Seth . T. - Spring ) - Ankh - ta . Wei ' any ' ( idol ) Petah loves ( goddess ) Satet the housewife " Ankh - Tawi " 's , but a researcher " in the name of Samir Cherkaoui " I do not believe that goddess ' Satet a ' - which is a member of the first triad Jandal first regions of Upper Egypt - has worshiped in Memphis and in one of the temples or shrines neighborhood ' Ankh - Tawi ' western , but varies with the translation ' Ranke ' consistent with ' Jean Verkoter ' - translated the painting of the previous thirty-seventh of the reign of ' Chnq V' a Dynasty twenty-second - in two things: the first is that the goddess is ' Hesmtaat , Rob Ankh - Tawi ' which was worshiped in Memphis since the Archaic period and continued Khenutea the city since the beginning of the Fourth Dynasty and even family twenty-sixth at the very least , where worshiped at the time in one of the temples or shrines in the West Side , and secondly that the part The first of the name ' Ranke ' which ' passed - Petah ' is the entire name has been classed ' Verkoter ' to ' over [ n ] - Ptah ' and was a priest of the goddess and the son of a priest ' Ness Wen - Navarre ' . The title of High Priest of Memphis and Lord greatest Ptah (the ' War - ruined - Hamou ( . ) And V' and translate ' great heads of artisans ') used as the name for males during the era of the modern state ( families eighteenth and nineteenth ) , and this is to use the oldest among other cases where senior titles used the priests of ancient Egypt as names of individuals (male) .
Unlike what was narrated from ' Memphis' in the sources of ancient Egyptian - and most recently reported during the Ptolemaic era in Markhana Egyptian priest ' Maniton ' Asamnod , the greatness of Memphis, the ancient ( the village of Mit hostage and the neighbor cities thereof ) and reached down and the elevation between the cities of Egypt and the ancient world are reflected in it did not disturb any of the sources of antiquity or Central or modern mentioned, both for its location and geography, size, or history , or its effects and its important tourist attractions , or the old dogmas and their masters , or even visited in the ancient time or speech . The frequency of his name is derived from the name of its famous temple ( whale - ka - Ptah ) a copy of the Koran cuneiform ( Ku Petah neighborhood ) in the old Iraqi sources . As reflected in many of the books of the prophets in the Old Testament , we find the ' Hosea ' and ' Isaiah ' and ' Jeremiah ' and ' Ezekiel ' - respectively - in the centuries from the eighth to the sixth BC, and perhaps the other writers in the Old Testament different ! As penalize mentioned book classics such as " father of history " Greek ' Herodotus Ahalikarnassowsa ', and of ' Diodore Sicilian ', and geographical Greek ' Strabo Albonta ', and of the Greek -born Roman citizenship ' Plutarch Alkhaeroni ' and Roman ' Pliny the Elder ', and of ' Eliane ' The Greek writer Lucian ' - and perhaps mentioned them all creative Mlhmte ' Iliad and the Odyssey ' poet ' Homer ' ( !) . As well as punish Male Memphis the Muslims and book news sources medieval heritage and modern , Vtaatbawa the news and its own since the second century and until the beginning of the fourth century AD ( centuries from the eighth to the nineteenth centuries ) , some brief , while others dwell . And not, as seems to some that these traditional sources can not be is a reference to archaeological information , but is really precious fill Balgt and side - to - side , which must be observed and thinking about it and taking interconnected . It is the era of the governors in Egypt ( the rulers of the Islamic caliphate ) , we have of ' Ibn Abd al - Qurashi rule ' ( d. 257 AH ) . It is the era of Independent States : we have of ' Jacobin ' (d. 280 or 284 e) and geographical ' Ibn al-Faqih Alhmamana ' (d. 290 AH ), both from the era of Tulunid state , and we have from the era of state Ikhshid Faqih of 'Son of Zolaq ' (d. 387 AH ) which also witnessed the Fatimid rule of Egypt , and the same from the Fatimid era of our judge and Shafi'i jurist ' Alqdai ' ( d. 454 AH ) . While Ayyubid : geographical ' Sapphire Hamwi ' (d. 626 AH), and of ' Abd al- Latif al-Baghdadi ' (d. 629 AH), the last of whom was of - geographical ' Caspian ' (d. 682 AH ), which witnessed also ruling Mamluk Egypt. But during the Mamluk era itself , we have: writer and historian ' Qalqashandi ' (d. 821 AH), and Morkhana Egyptian ' Maqrizi ' (d. 845 AH), and 'Son of the afternoon ' (d. 885 or 891 e) and, finally, a historian and researchers Egyptian 'Son of menopause ' ( d. 930 ), which was veteran Vasr the Ottoman rule of Egypt. In the Ottoman era , there are : ' Prince Ahmed Damrdashi the Katakhda Azban ' ( d. 1169 AH ? Or beyond) . The veterans who lived through the end of Ottoman rule in Egypt and Event of the French campaign and ascension of Muhammad Ali Pasha great power which (1805-1848 ) and founding of the modern state in Egypt , we find Markhana ' Abd al-Rahman Jabarti ' (d. 1240 AH ), which in the context of this talk about the city Memphis ( village one hundred hostages ) and greatness honor of the glorious past to the present and future Meshreky . This is unlike the 'Son of Khrdazbh ' (d. 260 AH), ' Abd al-Rahman al-Qaisi ', ' Abu Salt illiteracy Andalusian ', ' I'm Anbari ', 'Son die ' (d. 606 AH), and ' Ibrahim bin and summer Shah ', and others I have not had the opportunity to reminded them both to the simplicity of their contributions , or for the loss of their compositions that male whale whale Memphis and its ruins . But during the rule of family of Muhammad Ali of Egypt, and specifically in the period Kdioip - Bowl, we find respectively : ' Jamal al-Afghani ' (d. 1314 / 1897 ), which impressed the greatness of that city and confirmed it in his writings , then ' Ali Pasha Mubarak ' ( T. 1311 AH / 1893 AD ), and last but not least ' Ahmed Pasha Kamal ' (d. 1341 AH / 1923 AD ) Abu Egyptian archaeologists .
Throughout the period from the Middle Ages to modern times and contemporary, interested foreign also Bmnf and visited. We find from the Middle Ages ' William Suri ' and ' Benjamin of Tudela ' and ' Gus Van Gustl ' . The European Renaissance and its aftermath , there was just a tourist and visiting her or was researchers or Mnaqba . We have , respectively, in the centuries from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries : ' Francois of Buffy ' who tried to identify the site and its conformity with what is mentioned in historical sources and classic , and ' Andrejh typhoid ' world geography, French , and ' John Gervz ' world of mathematics and astronomy British and ' staple ' traveler and collector British archaeologist , and ' Formon ' researcher and traveler and translator French monarchy , and ' Safari ' French traveler and orientalist . Work has culminated in the scientific mission accompanying the French campaign on Egypt ( led by scientists ' Jomar ' and the ' Revue ' and ' Depot ' ) attempts and enriched with maps , photos and information. In the first half of the nineteenth century , holds Memphis on visits and recordings : Italian ' Kavigelea ' and with ' Stone ', the Italian ' Rozlena ', the French ' Champollion ', and others who succeeded us of papers and notes that provided us with many information on the effects of lost due to and exhaust time factors , such as the British ' Wilkinson ' and ' Burton ' , and also ' Emily ' and ' Horiu ' . It was their coming all usher in a new era for Memphis and sent from the Dormition her death after a long abandoned , the era of scientific interest views of the ancient city and recorded a record scientifically documented , فقدمه in the middle of the nineteenth century , respectively : Austrian - German 'to Lepsius ' with members of his mission, scientific documentaries Prussian , then ' Bonomi ', also worked out at the time of U.S. origin Turkish -born ' Gakian ' in favor of the Egyptian government , as submitted by the well and registered their spouses Germans ' Johan ' and ' Alice Leader ' (especially his wife ), and the Austrian - German ' Broujh '. Was their recordings and observations of scientific reason in that city becomes the focus of attention of prospectors , whether in anticipation of antiquities and treasures and fame or a request for information , making Memphis ( the village of Mit hostage and the neighbor cities thereof ) sites excavated archaeological since the second half of the nineteenth century to the present day ; as it is currently working mission Russian (2001 - January 2007 ) located ' Ezbet Gabri ' in the north of the village of Mit hostage , while running the mission location English ' Tepe army ' in ' com Sbkha ' southern village. The city came a little compared to other other archaeological sites in Egypt , but that little is of paramount importance , both in the writing of ancient Egyptian history in general or special history of the city . Stood on Hvaúrha geological ' Horner ', and antiquarians : French ' Marit ', and the British ' Nicholson ' and ' Stephens ' and ' Bajnold ', and the French ' Maspreu ', and Egyptian Algerian origin ' Daninos Pasha ' and the French ' Darcy ' and Britons ' Kioabl ' and ' Edgar ' . But scientific excavation of the organization and the most effective location of the ancient city of Memphis came at the hands of the British ' Petrie ' . And later at the hands of several missions belonging to universities and scientific institutes alternated work and Hvaúrha Active Khvaúr missions of the University of Pennsylvania and the Egyptian Antiquities Authority and the University of Cairo and the French mission , and that was under the chairmanship and membership of scientists from the likes of : the U.S. ' Hal ' and ' Fisher ', the Egyptians ' Hamada 'and' Prince 'and' nomadic 'and' Ethiopian ', the French ' to Aclan ', the German ' Lantz ' and American ' John Demic ', and the Egyptians ' Bakri ' and ' Gap God ', and the Association of exploring Egypt , headed by the membership of the ' Jefferies ' and' Smith 'and ' owner ' and ' Jedi ' . The result of each survey , registration and exploration that has positioned the city of Memphis, the ancient , that provided us with excavations you a huge amount of fixed effects and movable , trading the latter of which ( the effects of Memphis transmitted ) until teem by Egyptian museums and global , both what is displayed or saved in warehouses
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