Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt is an ancient civilization in the north -east of Africa . Lost civilization of the ancient Egyptians centered 1 on the banks of the Nile River in what is now the Arab Republic of Egypt . Egyptian civilization began around the year 3150 BC. , When united King Mina Upper and Lower Egypt , and then evolved over the past three millennia later . Historically included a series of kingdoms politically unstable , punctuated by periods of relative stability are called intermediate periods . Ancient Egypt reached the peak of its civilization in the era of the modern state , and then entered the country in a period of slow decline . Attacked Egypt in that period by many foreign powers , and the rule of the pharaohs officially ended when the Empire invaded Romania and Egypt made it one of its provinces .

Derived success of ancient Egyptian civilization in the ability to adapt to the conditions and the Nile River Valley . And helped flood forecasting and control the damages in the production of agricultural crops and ample contributed to the social and cultural development . The authorities and with the availability of materials needed to exploit minerals found in the area of the valley and desert areas surrounding it , and has developed a writing system independently, and organized collective construction and agricultural projects , in addition to trade with the surrounding areas , and strengthen the military forces to defend the military against enemies abroad and confirm the dominance Pharaonic on the country. He was organizing these activities and are stimulated by a group of bureaucrats and religious leaders , and administrators under the control of the pharaoh who ensured the cooperation and unity of the Egyptians in the context of an elaborate system of religious beliefs .

The achievements of the ancient Egyptians included quarrying , surveying and construction techniques that facilitated the construction of the huge pyramids , temples and obelisks , in addition to mathematics system in a practical and effective medicine. And irrigation systems and agricultural production techniques , the first of what is known ships, Egyptian faience and glass painting technology , and new forms of literature , and the first known peace treaty . Ancient Egypt left a lasting legacy . And copied and imitated civilization and Egyptian art and architecture on a large scale in the world, and quoted its effects to distant parts of the world. And inspired the ruins and remains of the imagination of travelers and writers for centuries , and resulted in discoveries at the beginning of the modern era on the effects of the fossils Egyptian to scientific research of the Egyptian civilization manifested in the science called Egyptology , and greater appreciation of their cultural heritage in Egypt and the world.