Valley of the Kings 2

Today's complete story and led one of the greatest and Diane Ancient Egypt

( Valley of the Kings )

Exploring the valley
Area is the Valley of the Kings and one of the largest areas of archaeological exploration relating to the science of Egyptology over the last two centuries , after that it was just a tourist site in ancient times (especially the days of the Roman era ) , as this area was a witness to the transformation of the long systematic study of the history of ancient Egypt , which began of theft of antiquities looted graves until he reached what he now explorations scientific unveiled for the city of Thebes funerary whole , and in spite of these explorations are all but it has never been documented more than eleven cemetery yet fully know all the details about them and their respective owners .
And contain many of the graves inscriptions on the walls left by tourists long ago , where select researcher Jules Baile more than 2,100 inscribed on the walls of tombs in both Latin and Greek as well as a smaller number of inscriptions in other languages such as Phoenician and Coptic and some other languages , and found most of these inscriptions in the cemetery cemetery 9 and found them to nearly a thousand oldest inscription dates back to around the year 278 BC. AD .
By the year 1799 was drawing the first map of the grave sites discovered until that time because this work of scientists of the French campaign on Egypt, especially Dominique Vivant was also observed for the first time the existence of the valley west (where select both of Prosper Juluah and Edward de Villiers de Taraj site tomb of Amenhotep III , known as the cemetery 22 ) , also included a two-volume Description of Egypt out of twenty-four volumes Ahoian codification full Notes scientists describing them as the campaign for the surrounding area Thebes .
And continued campaigns scout European after this date, with the early nineteenth century, driven by the success of Champollion deciphered the writing hieroglyphics , began campaigns scout led Belzoni been delegated by Henry Salt , and has already managed to Belzoni to discover many of the graves of them ; cemetery news Khbro Ra Apple Valley West ( cemetery 23) in 1816 and then the tomb of Seti I ( cemetery 17) in the following year , with the end of his visit to the region announced Belzoni that what had been found during this expedition is the most that can be found leaving something else of value to the exploration for, and mentions that in the meantime, the same was French Consul General Bernardino Drofeta ( Grimm Belzoni and Salt ) works individually is also in the same area of research.
With the re- inauguration of Gaston Maspero for the presidency of the interests of the Egyptian Antiquities change method of drilling in the valley , where the Maspero appointed Howard Carter, president of the inspectors in Upper Egypt , and have already succeeded Young in the discovery of many of the graves new addition to his contributions in the detection of graves cemetery 42 graveyard 20 .

The entrance to the tomb of Horemheb discovered immediately after the year 1908.
However glow dawn of the twentieth century , succeeded U.S. lawyer Theodore Davis in obtaining permission for research and exploration in the area of the Egyptian government , and succeeded his team led by Egyptologist British Edward Contact Ayrton in the detection of many royal tombs and non- ownership ( including the cemetery 43 and the cemetery 46 graveyard 57) , and succeeded in finding evidence of the cemetery Amarna period in the cemetery 55 , then they extracted the last vestiges of Tutankhamun buried from graves cemetery 54 graveyard 58 and declared it the end of the explorations Valley of the Kings forever and can not find any traces or other cemeteries and came in the book , Davis, who has himself published in 1912 under the title of the tombs of Horemheb and Tutankhamun appended in his recent book hung on recent explorations :

I think that the Valley of the Kings has exhausted completely
After the death of Davis early in 1915 got George Herbert ( Earl Caernarfon V) on the right of franchise research and exploration in the Valley of the Kings and appointed Howard Carter at the head of his team of explorers , and already the team was able to find the cemetery real Tutankhamun known tomb 62 in November 1922 .
And lasted several scouting missions in the exploration and the search until the present time , adding a lot of information and facts about this area until the project was a good plan in 2001 and has developed many of the signs that provide a lot of information and maps of the open graves .

The evolution of cemeteries
Constructed cemeteries first inside the cracks at the top of the slopes of the debris avalanche of stone and the bottom of the falls was fed by rainwater from before (eg graves cemetery 34 graveyard 43) , and with the depletion of this area began construction of the graves on the land of the valley itself and then returned gradually to climb on the slopes again when I started in the flood deposits fill the floor of the valley, and demonstrates this theory to find the graves ; cemetery and cemetery 62 63 Msheedtin the valley floor .
Design

Creative Corridor downward from inside the cemetery Tosrt West Nkht .
Designed cemeteries usually around a long corridor bearish carved into the rock , breaking the lobby or more ( similar to the journey of the sun god toward the nether world ) and ends at the burial chamber , and in the beginning it was those passages spin at a rate of 90 degrees at least once during their march towards the burial chamber ( Kalmcyprh cemetery 43 special Bthothomps IV) , as was the burial chamber Krtocip appearance, especially in the graves the most ancient and early graves that have been constructed Valley of the Kings ( this can be seen also in the tomb of Thutmose IV) , and knew this design in the construction of cemeteries as the system " axis curved " after the completion of the burial of the mummy fills the upper part of the corridor leading to the room art debris and then hide the door of the tomb under the sand , and at the end of the era of the Amarna began to abandon the system of " axis curved " in the design of cemeteries and engineers began to design graves straighter gradually relying on system " axis Almehrol " in the central part of the cemetery ( the cemetery 57 special Bhormahb Nmozja ideal for this design , one of the cemeteries that are open its doors to visitors in some cases ) even adopted the system , " " axis rectum " in the construction of cemeteries the late kings of the nineteenth Dynasty kings twentieth Dynasty ( as is the case in the graves cemetery 11 and cemetery 6 hoc Ramesses III and Ramses IX , respectively ) , and with the integrity of the axis of the cemetery diminished inclination angle corridors until disappeared this tendency completely in the tombs of the kings of the Twentieth Dynasty , is also dug wells inside of the hallmarks of graves that region was the purpose behind it is to reduce the amount of flood water that reaches the bottom of the burial chamber and then added to the wells of a religious nature magic , where deemed wells swallow the lives of thieves and abusers graves of kings, which also fawn spirit of the deceased to his body , [49] and despite the fact that this well has not been drilled within some twenty graves on the family , but the room, which has traditionally been drilled inside remained present in those graves .

Decorations
Decorated most of the royal tombs pictures and religious texts ; Valmkabr first decorated with scenes from the Imydwat which means hieroglyphs ( which is at the lower world ) describes these scenes journey of the sun god during the twelve -hour dark until dawn , and with the beginning of the era of Horemheb began decorating the graves with scenes inspired by the book Doors and which depicts the crossing of the sun god of gates dark twelve that divides the night until his ascension to heaven at the beginning of the new day and then sends a reassurance to the owner of the cemetery and save him from the desolation of the night , and is worth mentioning here that the royal tombs first Valley of the Kings was sparsely decorated while the graves of others ownership is decorated at all.
By the age of Nineteenth Dynasty added the Book of the caves to the upper part of the cemetery , a religious texts describe the nether world divided to six caves severe capers meet the gods and humans waiting for the rise of the sun god to the sky to Aboshm all to life again , have been found on the full text of the Book of Caverns in the cemetery of Ramses VI, while the tomb of Ramses III show texts from the Book of the Earth and that describes the underworld is divided to four sections and ending texts recovered god no disk of the sun from the ground and climb it to the skies for the start of eternal life .
With the beginning of the era of Seti I began decorating Bishop Graves scenes and religious texts inspired by the book of the heavens and which describes again journey of the sun god during the night hours twelve until his ascension to the skies again , as it appeared for the first time the words of the prayer Ra on the walls of tombs for the first time , one of the funerary texts long monologues , which represents the deceased to the sun god , asking him to be awakened again for life.

Contents of the tomb
Graves were rich contents within it and which served as both the needs of the deceased , which will enable him a comfortable life in the hereafter , also included the graves of many Altaawes magical Kalawhpti addition to the statues of the gods , also included the graves of some of the holdings of King in his first ( as a pair slippers your Tutankhamun ) next to some of the holdings , which are specially designed to be buried with the king.

Numbering graves
Used craftsman KV before each number to encode graves finder, and letters abbreviation for the words Kings' Valley and mean and Valley of the Kings in English , and the graves were numbered according to the priority of discovery ; beginning of the cemetery Ramses VII , a cemetery 1 or KV1 and even the cemetery 63 (KV63) that was discovered in 2005 regardless consider the fact that many of the graves have been discovered a long time ago , except the cemetery graveyard 5 and rediscovered in the nineties of the last century ( after it ignored Mki_voha people and mind are not important major historical ) , while using craftsman WV before ml number of coding graves that have been discovered in the western valley but follow the same numbering system used in the tombs of the Valley of the Kings ( and the two-letter abbreviation for the words West Valley and mean western valley in English ) , although it has been circulated abbreviation KV per graves discovered in the Valley of the Kings Bashatrih ; valley eastern and western valley with the beginning of the project application good planning .
It is worth mentioning that there are some graves non- busy , and others are not evidenced by the identity of the owners after the addition of some drilling in the underground , which was used for storage , located most of the graves open in the valley east Valley of the Kings where more tourists, patrons of this region in addition to the facilities necessary .

In the next episode, complete the rest of the story is beautiful
Pharaonic era for families in this valley

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