Citadel of Saladin (Cairo)

Citadel of Saladin (Cairo)

 

History
Saladin began in the construction of the castle above the cliffs in the position he was known air dome . But never completes it in his life. But completed by Sultan bin full representation. Was the first of domicile is king and taken full house of the king. As well as continued until the reign of Muhammad Ali.
In the rib -west of the castle , there is a Father runway and it writing refers to the construction of this fortress , which read "In the name of God the Merciful , ordered the establishment of this castle impressive , adjacent to the guarded Cairo collected useful and improvement and capacity of Ali asked me to the king and immunized , Maulana Malik al-Nasir Salah world and religion , Abu Muzaffar Yusuf ibn Ayyub Mohi State of the faithful in the eyes of his brother and Crown Prince , King fair Sayf al-Din Abu Bakr Mohammed Khalil faithful, at the hands of Prince of his kingdom, and a certain state, Qracoich son of Abdullah Royal Nazarene in nine years and seventy- five hundred . "
And Saladin in drilling wells draws the castle , including the army and the inhabitants of the castle if prevent water them when the blockade . It is what has been impressed by the work because of the well chiseled into the rock a depth of 90 meters from the ground level of the castle, and this requires a great effort at the time.
The Citadel of Saladin in Cairo of the most luxurious castles war which was built in the Middle Ages Vemoqaha strategic first-class offering this site from the importance of defense because it controls the cities of Cairo and Fustat , as it constitutes a natural barrier up between the two cities as it is on this site can provide connectivity between the castle and the city in a state of siege as they will become the last bastion of a sit - in case if the city fell to the hands of the enemy .
Over this majestic castle many , many historical events which saw the walls different historical events through the ages Ayyubid, Mamluk and the time of the French campaign on Egypt in the year 1798 , and even took Muhammad Ali Pasha ruled Egypt, where he restored her prosperity and greatness. The Sultan al-Nasir Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub first thought of building a castle on a hill sound in 572 AH / 1176 AD , where he and the minister Bahauddin Qracoich Asadi demolishing mosques and tombs that existed on the sound in order to building a castle out where the workers carved the rock and find a trench artificially separation of the cliffs and the sound increase in vulnerability and strength.

Castle doors
Door Mokattam
This section known as the the Mokattam next door to Mokattam tower which dates back to the Ottoman era as the section known as the door of the mountain to its supervision on the door of the cliffs Currently it is known as the gateway Salah Salem .
The dam this section at a time, and was a slot rectangular worked in a wall is very thick in the direction of the south tower Mokattam has been added to this section the year 1200 AH / 1785 AD fence with battlements due to the era of Muhammad was Pasha, who built in this place , which was empty at the that time exclusively with what followed from the facilities and there was this door a plaque bearing a foundational text in Turkish as Yakan Pasha and the date of construction of the door and the palace in 1200 AH / 1785 AD now lost .
And when he took Muhammad Ali Pasha governance and has done renovations castle has paved the way from the door of the mountain to the castle mokattam and add Zallaqa rising to the top of the cliffs and it was along this road about 650 meters the road has been split this way and cut accidentally Salah Salem road and railway Misr Helwan and Autostrad Rd .
I have lost features of this Ababa was also demolished a large part of the fence and Cravat , which was topped as the demolition of a large part of the stairs that were reached to the top of the fence North Tower Mokattam when the incision , Salah Salem Rd 1955 and open the door incumbent who enters it to the castle on the one hand , Salah Salem and next to the door , which was built by Mohammed Pasha, this has been the Supreme Council of Antiquities to re- open this door to commensurate with its historical and cultural position .

New door
Began Muhammad Ali Pasha in the construction of the new door Year 1242 AH / 1827 to be used instead of the door runway , which was the door 's public castle established by the Nasser Saladin year 579 AH / 1183 AD has seen Mohamed Ali Pasha, that both of the door the runway and the door of the Janissaries not mending for the passage of vehicles and guns with calf built in lieu thereof new door and paved his way to facilitate the sloping ascent to the castle and get off of this road is known today as the new door or street railway quarry.
And the door of the new facets major first , a North and overlooking the street door new railway quarry located in the western side of Archives ancient book box castle and the door of the Janissaries and the length of this interface is 15.50 meters and a height variable ranging from 16 meters to 20 meters and have this interface on several architectural details distinctive and adorned with block the entrance , which topped a plaque written inside line patch prominent on the floor of the branches of botanical "Oh Brightening doors" and the bottom of this writing cartouches wrote inside " Racmh Abdul Ghaffar " and is located in Kosty block the entrance medallion circular diameter of 123 centimeters emboss Dakhha symbols of the Egyptian army and units and various weapons in the era of Muhammad Ali Pasha .

Door in the middle
Differed in the naming of this section Balostany While Male Casanova in his book , written 1894 m from the Cairo Citadel or Castle Mountain he called Balostany because it mediates Aldioanin big Balhouc the Royal and two office Qaytbay and the Office of Ghoury , said some researchers that he knew Balostany because it separates the vestibule of the castle Omoumy Maritime - the new door - and the yard , which is located the mosque al-Nasir Muhammad and Mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha has been known that tower as Burj drummer due to the incidence Beside House of Justice established by Zahir Baybars and neglected her during the reign of Mansur Qalawun that the new architecture son Nasir Muhammad bin Qalawun not to be a house of justice, but to be drummers and named Tbelkhana and so named the tower as Burj drummer for his presence on the close to Tabkhanh . We have the Muhammad Ali Pasha to renew this door and the fence that surrounds it though Unknown renew the door Wastani Due to the lack of text constituent or a commemorative plaque by , but it is likely that it had Btgadh year 1242 AH / 1826 when the renovated section oligarchs next to the door Wastani in the Eastern.

The door of the castle
He knew the inner door of the castle gate tower of the few , and this was the door separates the mountain castle or fortified military town in the north, between the castle and the city in the south Bowl Currently it is known as the gateway to the Military Museum .

Towers

Tower Mokattam
Tower capacity
Tower Alalo
Kerr Kellan Tower
Blink Tower
Airport Tower
Tower paved
Tower Almkosr
Tower forward or Alaqrafah Tower
Ramla Tower
Tower mourning
Tower desert
Tower box

Citadel effects

Dar beating
Saray Justice
Jewel Palace
Mohamed Ali Pasha Mosque
Mosque of al-Nasir Muhammad
Well Joseph
Police Museum
Palace campus
Military Museum
Castle School of hostilities
Egyptian army barracks
Mosque Suleiman Pasha server - valid mountain
Collector Ahmed Katakhda the Azban - Collector Azab
Azab door
Dar castle industry - workshops door Azab

I will talk about these effects in detail castle

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